Genotyping of isolates of taylorella equigenitalis from. Samples n 36 were collected from horses in south africa from 1996 to 2017. We do not use these to store personal information about you. This disease can spread widely from a single asymptomatic carrier, particularly a stallion. The eight divergent residues covered by the taqman probes for the two species are underscored. It is the causative agent of contagious equine metritis cem, a sexuallytransmitted infection of horses first reported in 1977, and currently detected in many countries and various horse breeds. Taylorella equigenitalis is the causative agent of contagious equine metritis, a sexuallytransmitted. It is the causative agent of contagious equine metritis cem, a sexually transmitted infection of horses first reported in 1977 3, 11, and currently has been detected in many countries and various horse breeds. Sets of genital swabs are routinely taken from horses to screen for the presence of taylorella equigenitalis, the cause of contagious equine metritis. Notified to the oie world organisation for animal health, cem is characterized. Bacterial causes of subfertility and abortion in the mare. Stallions do not show any symptoms of cem, but mares often will have a thick discharge from the vagina, and will be.
Alignment of representative taylorella equigenitalis k188 and t. A phylogenetic analysis of this sequence revealed a phylogenetic position of t. Contagious equine metritis cem testing for imported. Genetic homogeneity of taylorella equigenitalis from norwegian trotting horses revealed by chromosomal dna fingerprinting article pdf available in journal of clinical microbiology 331. Immunoglobulin binding to the bacterium was strongest for immunoglobulin g igg and less for igm.
The bacterium is phenotypically indistinguishable from taylorella equigenitalis, a pathogen that is the. Contagious equine metritis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacteria taylorella equigenitalis. The characterizations of mares infected by cem are abundant. It also occurs in nonthoroughbred horses, in which it produces isolated, apparently unrelated outbreaks. Taylorella equigenitalis is transmitted by either carrier stallions or mares directly during mating or by indirect genital contact with contaminated fomites vaginal speculums, artificial vagina, or wash buckets. Pdf genetic homogeneity of taylorella equigenitalis from. Epidemiologic study of taylorella equigenitalis strains by. Download fulltext pdf development and evaluation of pcr test for detection of taylorella equigenitalis article pdf available in journal of clinical microbiology 324. Survival of taylorellae in the environmental amoeba acanthamoeba castellanii julie allombert1,2,3,4,5, anne vianney1,2,3,4,5, claire laugier6, sandrine petry6 and laurent hebert6 abstract background. General information about taylorella equigenitalis tayleq this website uses cookies our website uses cookies to ensure that we give you the best possible online experience.
Pdf detection of taylorella equigenitalis and taylorella. Clarification of any anomalies regarding 16s rdna sequence heterogeneity of t. Bacteriologic, serologic, clinical, uterine, cytologic, and pathologic endometrial responses were assessed 4, 11, 21, 35, and 63 days after inoculation and on. Contagious equine metritis is abacterial venereal disease of horses caused by taylorella equigenitalis 10.
Download fulltext pdf contagious equine metritis in turkey. Pdf contagious equine metritis cem is a highly contagious venereal disease caused by the bacterium taylorella equigenitalis. Taylorella equigenitalis is the causative agent of contagious equine metritis cem, a sexually transmitted infection of horses. A fulltime salaried employee who represents vs in the capacity of. Binding of equine igg was inhibited by human igg, but not by igg of domestic animals. Taylorella equigenitalis, taylorella asinigenitalis.
Identification and differentiation of taylorella equigenitalis and taylorella asinigenitalis by lipopolysaccharide oantigen serology using monoclonal antibodies. Both species are facultative anaerobes, nonmotile, oxidasepositive, catalasepositive, phosphatasepositive and produce no acid from carbohydrates. Pdf development and evaluation of pcr test for detection. It was developed in cooperation with and validated by scientists of the veterinary laboratory agency vla weybridge, uk. Pulsedfield gel electrophoresis genotyping of taylorella. Taylorella equigenitalis an overview sciencedirect topics.
In knottenbelt and pascoes color atlas of diseases and disorders of the horse second edition, 2014. The kinetics of invasion and replication were determined for four t. The disease is highly contagious, and the organism can be harbored in the clitoral fossa and sinuses especially the median sinuses. The pcr was specific and amplified a 585bp product from all 64 available t. Taylorella equigenitalis is a gramnegative bacterium of the genus taylorella, and the causative agent of contagious equine metritis cem in horses. These data support our opinion that microorganisms isolated from the male donkeys are different from t. A state veterinarian or state animal health technician. The clitoris in the mare is an important reservoir for the bacterium taylorella equigenitalis, which is the causative agent in mares affected with contagious equine metritis cem.
Genome sequence of taylorella equigenitalis mce9, the causative. Jun 15, 2000 proceduremares in estrus 2group were inoculated by intrauterine infusion with 2 isolates of classic t equigenitalis or 2 isolates of atypical taylorella sp or were shaminoculated. Taylorella equigenitalis taylorella equigenitalis, taking. Taylorella equigenitalis is the causative organism of contagious equine metritis cem. The type strain is strain ucd1t atcc 700933t lmg 19572t. Schnobrich, in equine internal medicine fourth edition, 2018. Contagious equine metritis cem is an extremely contagious venereal disease that is acquired primarily via breeding. This study identifies nonimmune binding of equine immunoglobulin by the causative organism of contagious equine metritis. An investigation into the suitability of a commercial real. This pcr product hybridized with a specific probe in a dot spot assay. Contagious equine metritis testing equine reproductive. Effective april 1, 2018, product available exclusively from indical bioscience formerly qiagen leipzig. When cloning, sequencing and comparison of the approximate fulllength 16s rdna from 17 strains of t. Development and evaluation of pcr test for detection of.
Direct cultureindependent sequence typing of taylorella. Although not currently considered a cause of cem, taylorella asinigenitalis, a related bacterium that may be found in the united states, is also covered by this document because of the importance of properly identifying and differentiating the two species. Monotayl download pdf fil taylorella genus comprises two species. Some manufacturers produce a peptone agar base that supports the growth of t.
Following the 2011 outbreak of cem, further investigation was required to define the preexisting status of t. Thirtytwo strains of taylorella equigenitalis, the causative agent of cem, from all over the world were characterized by field inversion gel electrophoresis of. The cells are gramnegative, rodshaped and nonmotile the species include. Infected stallions are asymptomatic and act as the principal source of infection as they mate with numerous. The 16s ribosomal dna sequence of taylorella equigenitalis formerly haemophilus equigenitalis, the causative organism of contagious equine metritis, was determined. Taylorella equigenitalis and the recently described taylorella asinigenitalis jang et al. The 112 bp amplicons produced from the two species were discriminated from each other using taqman probes labelled with different fluorophores. Contagious equine metritis cem is a sexually transmitted infectious disease caused by the organism taylorella equigenitalis, a gram. Contagious equine metritis pdf contagious equine metritis cem is a venereal disease of horses caused by the bacteria taylorella equigenitalis. The strain reported here was isolated in 2017 from a german stallion. Diagnostic procedure in veterinary bacteriology and mycology fifth edition 1990, pages 151164. Typically, two to four different sites are swabbed at a time and tested by culture or pcr. Taylorella equigenitalis est une bacterie coccoide.
Designed specifically for the genesig q16, genesig easy kits are ultra simple and easy to use for users of all experience levels. Phylogenetic position of taylorella equigenitalis determined. September 2015 importance contagious equine metritis cem is a highly communicable venereal disease of horses, caused by the bacterium taylorella equigenitalis. Contagious equine metritis is a bacterial venereal disease of horses caused by taylorella equigenitalis 10.
Continuing to use this website means you agree to our use of cookies. A genusspecific primerprobe set was derived from the 16s ribosomal dna sequences. Haemophilus equigenitalis has been proposed as the species name of the gramnegative, microaerophilic coccobacillus. Monotayl download pdf fil taylorella equigenitalis. Development of a real time pcr for the detection of. Twentyeight of those strains isolated from horses in the 2009 u.
Nonimmune binding of equine immunoglobulin by the causative. The first page of the pdf of this article appears above. Clinical, bacteriologic, serologic, and pathologic features. Evaluation of maldi biotyper for identification of taylorella.
Primerdesign primerdesigntm ltd taylorella equigenitalis. A pcr for the detection of taylorella equigenitalis, the causative agent of contagious equine metritis, was developed and evaluated. Discovered in 1977 in england 2, taylorella equigenitalis is a nonmotile, coccobaccili, microaerophilic, gramnegative bacteria. While this disease can be carried by either mares or stallions, it is the mare that suffers the ill effects of the infection. Maladie reglementee, metrite contagieuse equine, equide. Cem was first reported in 1977 3, 15, and it has been detected in many countries and various horse breeds 10, 11, 14. Taylorella equigenitalis, a gramnegative coccobacillus. The organism may be transmitted between stallion and mare during live cover, from stallion to mare during artificial insemination, or between stallions via contaminated breeding equipment. In stallions, there are no clinical symptoms of the infection, yet the bacteria can be present in penilepreputial smegma and as such may be. Pdf the 16s ribosomal dna sequence of taylorella equigenitalis formerly haemophilus equigenitalis, the causative organism of.
Matrix assisted laser desorptionionization timeofflight mass spectrometry malditof has become an increasingly popular method for bacterial identification in recent years. Contagious equine metritis cem school of veterinary medicine. Taylorella equigenitalis can be cultivated on blood agar, but will grow better on chocolate blood agar as described above. Two specific oligonucleotide primers te16srrnabchf 25mer and te16srrnabchr 29mer were designed from multiple alignments of the 16s rrna gene loci of several closely related taxa, including t.
A pcrbased screening program to assess the prevalence of taylorella equigenitalis in breeding stallions in south africa by c. A pcrbased screening program to assess the prevalence of. Pooling of genital swabs for detection by pcr of taylorella. Standard bacteriological methods for identifying taylorella equigenitalis in cervical smears are time consuming.
This affects current views about the spread and control oft. A twostep speciesspecific 16s rrna pcr assay for the. Taylorella equigenitalis is a gramnegative coccobacillus, classified in the alcaligenaceae family. Homogeneity of the 16s rdna sequence among geographically.
Detection of taylorella asinigenitalis in donkey jacks in. Differences between taylorella equigenitalis strains in their. First isolation of taylorella equigenitalis from mares article pdf available in the veterinary record 1494. Taylorella equigenitalis is the causative agent of contagious equine metritis cem. Dec 20, 2006 a discriminatory real time pcr for the detection of taylorella equigenitalis, the causative agent of contagious equine metritis cem, and the related species t. Draft genome sequence of taylorella equigenitalis strain. We herein report on the first genome sequence of t. Contagious equine metritis cem is a sexually transmissible disease in mares. A recently developed polymerase chain reaction pcr assay, however, appeared to be much more sensitive, with initial results indicating an unexpected high. Use of a pcr assay for taylorella equigenitalis applied to. View enhanced pdf access article on wiley online library html view download pdf for offline viewing. Pdf identification and differentiation of taylorella.
A twostep pcr assay was developed for the molecular detection of taylorella equigenitalis, a gramnegative genital bacterial pathogen in horses. Cem is caused by the gramnegative, microaerophilic coccobacillus taylorella equigenitalis, also known as the contagious equine metritis organism cemo. Pdf phylogenetic position of taylorella equigenitalis determined. Lipopolysaccharides lpss from taylorella equigenitalis, the causative agent of contagious equine metritis, and t. Validation report for horserace betting levy board hblb.
Research article open access survival of taylorellae in the. Taylorella equigenitalis is transmitted by either carrier stallions or mares directly during. Thus it is important to determine these sequences from additional strains in other countries, if possible, in order to clarify any anomalies regarding 16s rdna sequence heterogeneity. On the basis of these experiments, a simpler assay in which the invasive as well as the replicative properties of a particular strain could be determined. Taylorella is a genus of the alcaligenaceae of the order of the burkholderiales. Contagious equine metritis is a venereal disease of equids of international significance caused by the gram negative organism, taylorella equigenitalis. Although the disease is commonly diagnosed by culturing the causative bacterium taylorella equigenitalis t. The test consist of monodisperse particles which are coated with specific antibodies against taylorella equigenitalis. Taylorella equigenitalis is the etiologic agent of contagious equine metritis cem, a venereal disease of horses. The prescribed test is by bacteriological culture, however, due to. It is the causative agent of contagious equine metritis cem, a sexually transmitted infection of horses. At present, six accessible sequences of 16s rdna from taylorella equigenitalis t. We report herein the use of crude extracts obtained from samples of taylorella equigenitalisinfected horses for the purpose of multilocus sequence typing mlst.
Taylorella equigenitalis is susceptible to most antibiotics, although the carrier state in mares is difficult to eliminate. Taylorella equigenitalis is a slowgrowing microaerophilic gramnegative coccobacillus, classified in the family alcaligenaceae. Taylorella equigenitalis is a gramnegative coccobacillus classified in the alcaligenaceae family. Taylorella equigenitalis, which causes contagious equine metritis, and taylorella asinigenitalis, a closelyrelated species mainly found in donkeys. Development of loopmediated isothermal amplification.
Taylorella equigenitalis like organisms isolated from donkeys and horses katz and others 20001, jang and others 20012 in the usa in 19971998 were later classified as taylorella asinigenitalis on the basis of taxonomic studies jang and others 20012. Immunoglobulin binding by the bacterium appeared to be directed. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of taylorella equigenitalis strain 210217rc10635, a gramnegative bacterium belonging to the genus taylorella and the order burkholderiales. Evaluation of maldi biotyper for identification of. Structure of the opolysaccharide of the lipopolysaccharide. Cem is characterized in infected mares by abundant. Genome sequence of taylorella equigenitalis mce9, the. Differences between taylorella equigenitalis strains in. Taylorella equigenitalis is a gramnegative bacterium of the genus taylorella, and the causative agent of contagious equine metritis cem in horses infected stallions are asymptomatic and act as the principal source of infection as they mate with numerous mares, and the carrier status may persist for many months or even years. The ability of taylorella equigenitalis, the causative agent of contagious equine metritis, to invade and replicate in equine derm cells was studied. Contagious equine metritis cem, a sexually transmitted bacterial disease, was first described in thoroughbred horses.
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